Three Men And A Book


This, ladies and gentlemen, is a story about three men — all dead but bound together in the pages of a 53-year-old frayed and heavily pencilled book that I chanced upon last month while cleaning up my late father’s collection.

The paths of these men — a newspaper editor and chronicler of history, a patriot army general and my father — crossed at different times in the last century in a strange twist of fate that also found me looking at what I would call a historical treasure filled with facts, gossip and secrets that has made the book a fascinating read.

The journey of this prized copy of “India From Curzon to Nehru and After” also shows how strange coincidences fill our lives and how sometimes we, mere bystanders, become a part of stories that began long before us.

Durga Das, once a Reuters correspondent, editor of the Hindustan Times, founder of the Press Club of India and author of the book and General Nathu Singh, who could have possibly become the first Indian chief of the Indian army, were contemporaries who witnessed the violent birth of a nation that we now call home.

Born about seven months apart in 1900, the two chose different paths but played important roles in the story of India as it hobbled through an ugly partition and beyond. They both had a front-row view of events that shaped the formation of India and lived long enough post independence to be able to judge history.

Das, with a pen and pad in his hand and deep memory to store big and small stories, reported for what was then the Associated Press of India (which later aligned with the Indian News Agency before they were taken over by Reuters), as he hobnobbed with the Indian and British elite who mattered during the British Raj.

Singh, a dominant personality with a handlebar moustache who was the second Indian to graduate from the military academy at Sandhurst at 21, fought in the Second World War and ended up as ADC to India’s second last British governor general. It was to him that the Japanese troops surrendered in Nicobar in 1945 when the big war ended.

He later managed one of the biggest refugee camps in post-partition India for the hundreds of thousands who streamed in from the newly born Pakistan. Later, he commanded the army’s eastern region, which became the site for the first war between India and China.

My father was a mere bystander who walked into this story in the last years of the general’s life in a small town of Rajasthan.

The Book

How does the book connect them? Well, Das and Singh obviously knew each other and the copy of the book I am writing about was presented by Das to the general who probably lent it to my father when their paths crossed in early 1990s. The general hailed from Dungarpur and had retired there after his exciting military career. My father was then working there and befriended Singh because he simply loved meeting people and had a knack of bumping into many with interesting pasts. (He once found himself in a hospital in Nasik in mid-1950s where a man lying chained in the next bed and surrounded by policemen turned out to be Nathuram Godse’s brother, apparently recovering from a bad bout of dysentery!)

Das’s book, which many have panned as a continuum of historical gossip, was published in 1969. He presented a copy with the following inscription — “With best wishes to a great soldier patriot General Nathu Singh, Durgadas” — to the general a year later and then died in 1974.

Singh lived until 93, ramrod straight, sharp and with a voice that could still shake the cows and crops he tended at his farm just as it shook soldiers of the past. My father — 34 years younger than the other two in this narration — passed on this year.

When paths crossed

I never met Durga Das as I was only a decade old in this world when he called quits. My only connection with him beyond the book is the fact that we both worked at both Reuters and the Hindustan Times — many decades apart — in almost similar roles.

However, I did have the pleasure of spending time with the good general during my visits to Dungarpur to meet my parents. My father had told the general about his journalist son and I was ushered in to meet a man who didn’t quite look like the general I had expected to meet. Nearly four decades after leaving the army he was more of a farmer with fascinating stories from a past I then was only learning to understand.

I did end up writing his story for the newspaper I then worked for, re-introducing the man to the elite of the Indian capital he had left behind. The story struck a chord with many old timers in an age when there was no internet and social media. Unfortunately, I have lost the clipping of that story, though much of what he shared with me came alive in what’s scribbled on almost every page of the book.

The general obviously seems to have spent a lot of time reading and judging the contents of the book. I wonder whether he ever shared his views with Durga Das. Maybe he did. On the pages of the book the general had something to say about everything, much of which I am trying hard to decipher.

The reasons behind him not donning the hat of the army chief remain cloudy. The official version that is generally bandied about is that he was indeed asked, but declined and instead offered General K.M. Cariappa’s name as Cariappa was senior.

Another version that’s available on the Internet is that at some point in time the then Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru wondered if a Briton should be made the army chief for sometime as none of the senior Indian army officer was experienced enough in the new nation to make the grade.

Singh apparently questioned Nehru’s wisdom and wondered whether a Briton should also be made prime minister as no politician then has the experience of running the country. That made him unpopular with those who mattered.

The first chief

The general, however, mentioned to my father that he was against the division of the country and had put a gun to Nehru’s head demanding the decision to create the new nation of Pakistan be withdrawn. That obviously didn’t work in his favour when the new government went looking for a new army chief!

In Durga Das’s book there is no mention of Singh. He writes that the choice “lay mainly between General K. M. Cariappa and General Rajendrasinhji. (Then Home Minister Sardar) Patel favoured the latter, but Cariappa was chosen as the next C.-in-C. in view of the strong views expressed in his favour by (then defence minister) Baldev Singh and the Defence Secretariat. Rajendrasinhji, a kinsman of the Jam Saheb of Nawanagar, had his innings when he was chosen as successor to Cariappa.”

There are three question marks in pencil against that paragraph — no other comment — which I believe were put there by General Nathu Singh, the original owner of a book that landed in my hands through a quirk of fate.

I wonder whether General Nathu Singh wanted to say more, but didn’t!

Henry Kissinger at 100: A crooked legacy


Few people remain influential at 100. They are either dead or about to die, frail in mind and body. Henry Kissinger, the former US Secretary of State, is both alive and influential. He might be frail in body, but his mind is sharp. Having outlived almost all his detractors, the man once accused of a dark side that changed much of the world, has evolved over the past decades into a statesman feted by leaders globally. Nobody alive has more experience of international affairs than him, The Economist magazine recently wrote after interviewing him.

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View: De-risking China business


At a closed-door business meeting in Singapore in March attended by representatives of large US firms, much conversation was about China. Is the purported ‘de-coupling’ of the world’s two biggest economies working? Is it the correct direction to take? Will the politics in Washington ahead of next year’s presidential elections, and naming of China as the ‘prime enemy’.

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Atlas ‘shrugged’


There was a time when there were “paper” maps. Some of us who were born in a distant past would remember using them frequently.

Since there was no Google, places and distances could be found and distances measured on large maps, which could be folded nicely and stuck in the book shelves, in the walls, or kept in the car pockets for use during travel.

They had a different charm and they never aged well until such time we started getting some covered in thin, foldable plastic — a clear technology upgrade!

There were also those beautifully hand-crafted globes with wooden bases that sat neatly and importantly on office tables. They came in different sizes and were prized possessions.

And then there were those awesome, detailed world maps, which could be framed and hung in offices and studies. Well-travelled people showed off the places they had been to by tagging colourful pins on those maps.

Maps are always fascinating. They tell stories of places that otherwise don’t get told. Geography decides national boundaries, national interests and therefore — in many ways — our lives.

Why am I writing about maps? I am because I found something during my summer cleaning exercise — the world atlas by National Geographic, acquired with much love during the very early years of global e-commerce. It took me back more than two decades ago when the world was probably much simpler.

I lived in Sri Lanka in the late 1990s at a time when the country was wracked by an ugly civil war. Bombs went off with precise regularity, people died, but life kind of went on despite all the turbulence around.

In between all that one day I registered myself on Amazon.com — the new, very exciting website that could send me books from across the oceans. I had always loved the National Geographic and had always been fascinated by the atlas they produced. The cartography was mind-blowing for someone with deep interest in geography and graphics.

So, after successfully receiving some books from the United States, I put $50 (if I remember correctly) on my credit card for the world atlas and clicked buy. The return mail that I opened excitedly said it will reach me in a few weeks by sea mail! The wait began.

However, at some point I quite forgot I had ordered the atlas as more bombs and more violence in the war zone north of the country distracted me.

Three months later I suddenly remembered that the atlas hadn’t showed up to brighten my otherwise then rather dark and violent world. I wrote to Amazon, expressing my unhappiness over their poor service. 

A day later an apology landed in the inbox, saying they were now sending the atlas by courier and it should be with me in a couple of days. This time the atlas kept its tryst with Sri Lanka. It took a plane instead of a ship and landed at my door three days later.

As I opened the large card box package, I did wonder whatever had happened to the earlier shipment. Had the ship carrying it lost it’s way, or sunk in bad weather. Where could that copy be?

A month later, the phone rang. A voice at the other end asked in broken English whether I had ordered a “big” package from overseas. It took me a while to connect the dots before I said yes and was ordered to show up at the customs warehouse the next morning.

On a rainy morning I walked into this covered compound where consignments were stacked and spread across the floor. I was shown to a corner where sat a large black package — with visible signs of having been opened and peered into.

“There is a war here, sir, and importing maps need security clearance,” I was told. It is a world atlas that I have ordered to donate to a school library, I responded, and gave the name of one of the famous schools in Colombo after handing him my foreign journalist identification card.  

The officer at the counter looked at me suspiciously, but eventually agreed to clear the consignment, and now I had TWO of those beautiful atlases.

One of them had to shrug and accept it won’t stay with me. So, I kept my promise to the customs officer and sent it across to a school from where I received an ecstatic letter of thanks and appreciation.

The other still lives with me — in good health despite having added 22 years to its life! 

Two Conversations


The first was with an old friend who now lives in the United States. We go back 35 years, studied journalism together and shared an apartment for some years.

We have, what my wife says, “venting calls” ever so often. Both he and I belong to a different time and are mostly unable to comprehend why we as people are the way we are when we always have had the option of being otherwise.We make predictions — political and economic — and they mostly come true.

Not so long back we had discussed the possibility of the Covid virus hitting India hard and mutually agreed we could potentially witness a catastrophe. We predicted reasons that would lead India into a dark tunnel where the only light would be those of many pyres. I don’t want to list them, but they all came true.

The other morning we spoke again and tried to not despair even as we talked about what this latest surge was doing to India and Indians — friends, families, colleagues, acquaintances, neighbours and even strangers. He told me he had lost a few relatives to Covid and his elder brother was in the ICU for the past five days. I told him about the challenges we as a people, a nation, were facing. He was sounding brave, but I knew he was rattled.

There is little he can do sitting far except worry. He said he had hardly been able to focus on work in the past 10 days because of the deaths in his family.We spoke about our journey as journalists, worried over the current state of the media and wondered when and where this would end.

He told me to get my sons out of the country, reminding me of a story about one of his relatives who always said he believed in the “Quit India Movement” and had, therefore, first sent his children overseas and then followed them.We also tried to look for funny things in these dire times and laughed nervous laughs.

At one point he got distracted, as his wife called out from another part of his house as he laughed. “No, no I am not crying” he told his wife.

We got to start getting very worried when our laughs begin to sound like sobs. Also when Supreme Court judges and children of politicians die, friends and relatives don’t get oxygen and common people have to be cremated by the roadside because cremation grounds have run out of space.My second conversation was with someone who had a role in saving my life when I was struck by Covid and had to be hospitalised back in December.She’s a nurse at the hospital I was admitted to.

I don’t know what she looks like as everybody was wrapped in PPE suits, but she had dancing eyes and her voice was always calm. She was around for the first seven days of my stay in hospital and then she had a two-day break before she returned to bid me goodbye when I was discharged. “Don’t come back,” she said joyously, wagging a finger.

Large chunk of positivity

She had a steady hand and was happy to chat about her family and dreams and career as nurse. She became my source of information and there was a lot to learn from her about Covid, patient care, situation in the hospital, the tough cases and the deaths in the ward. She would also happily announce the number of patients who were recovering.

There was always a large chunk of positivity around her, which was welcome in an otherwise depressing place.

It struck me that she and her other colleagues who nursed me back to my feet and helped me get through a rather trying period would be in the midst of another battle as patients flowed in the second surge.I messaged her, asking how she was. I received a big smiley back.

“Haan ji, bilkul theek”, she wrote, asking me how I was doing. I asked her what it was like at the hospital, and she responded matter of factly.Patients are very critical. They are unable to hold oxygen (oxygen levels are volatile). Patients were much stable during the last surge.

This virus was definitely a new variant, she said.I asked her whether she was managing well and she said she was, that she was on night duty and asked me to look after myself.I then said I hoped her family was well. “I hope so,” she said, adding that her mother and younger brother had cough.

As always, I marvelled at her equanimity, her dedication to her work and the selflessness with which she cared for patients — stuck in that spacesuit and sweating under double masks and rubber gloves for many hours.I told her that I considered myself lucky that I survived. “Yessss,” she wrote back.

Her display picture on WhatsApp tells more about her. “Shukr hai rabba tune mainu dukh sehna sikhaya, kisi nu dukh dena nahin. She is just one of the tens of thousands of frontliners in this battle we are all waging. We should be grateful to people like her.

Points Of Contact – A Short History Of Door Handles


Despite their ubiquity and pivotal role in the haptic experience of architecture, door handles remain oddly under-documented. There are no serious histories and only patchy surveys of design, mostly sponsored by manufacturers. Yet in the development of the design of the door handle we have, in microcosm, the history of architecture, a survey of making and a measure of the development of design and how it relates to manufacture, technology and the body.

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Tea And Capitalism


For much of the 20th century, Western experts viewed China as a pre-capitalist society. They typically equated ‘capitalism’ with industrialisation and innovation, spectacular benchmarks such as coal-powered engines, steel factories and advances in chemical and mechanical engineering. These technological breakthroughs distinguished the ‘West’ from the ‘rest’, and it was their absence in China – and much of Asia – that marked it as ‘pre-capitalist’.

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Three’s Company


The Anglo-Boer War (1899–1902) has been called the first modern conflict. This is no compliment… A forward-looking view of the war—the dawn of mass-media coverage, barbed wire, and concentration camps—emphasises the bit parts played by 20th-century personages. Winston Churchill, the neophyte correspondent, making his daring escape from Boer captivity; Mohandas Ghandi’s exertions in the Indian ambulance corps; and Robert Baden-Powell’s devil-may-care dispatches from the Siege of Mafeking (“One or two small field guns shelling the town. Nobody cares”; “All well. Four hours bombardment. One dog killed”), which prefigured his Boy Scout movement by 10 years.

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